CTCF and hepatocellular carcinoma: For example, loss of CTCF binding has been linked to hypermethylation of the p16INK4a promoter, while CTCF binding correlates with activation of RASSF1A and CDH1; p16INK4a, RASSF1A and CDH1 are targets of promoter hypermethylation and silencing in HCC [39, 41, 42].