Importantly, it has been observed that the actin-myosin contractility required for the invasion of three-dimensional extracellular protein matrices by MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells [6,11] and for the collective invasion of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells through three dimensional collagen matrices in an organotypic model [12] were dependent on MRCK signalling. Here, CDC42BPA is linked to breast carcinoma.