With regards to the differential anti-apoptotic effect of IL-4, MetaCore analysis identified, as related to apoptosis, the IL-4 upregulated targets CASP3, CCR2, CISH, GFI1, ICAM1, LNPEP, NCF2, NFKBIZ, RPS6KA2, SOCS1, and XBP1, and the IL-4 downregulated target GADD45B, in CLL (Table S3), but only CCR2, CISH, SOCS1, and XBP1, in NBC (Table S4). The gene discussed is XBP1; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.