TP53 and cancer: RCC is a family of cancers including five major subtypes (clear cell, papillary type I and type II, chromophobe, collecting duct, and unclassified RCC) that originate from the renal tubular epithelium, but unlike other epithelial cancers originating from other districts such as colon, breast, lung, stomach and bladder, p53 mutations in RCC are particularly rare, especially in the clear cell subtype (ccRCC) [10-13].