PEPD and liver dysplastic nodule: It is concluded that serum prolidase activity, TOS, TAS, and OSI at cutoff values ≥60.78 mmol Min−1 L−1, ≥16.64 μmol H2O2 Eq./L, ≤0.81 mmol Trolox Eq./L, and ≥10.24 AU, respectively, can be use as biomarkers for prediction and diagnosis of kidney damage (either DN or ESRD or both).