TGF-β can activate a program called epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial cancers, such as breast, prostate and lung cancer, leading to enhanced migration and infiltration capacities of these cells, being a more common feature of mesenchymal cells.24, 25, 26 In an analogous way, it is conceivable that similar mechanisms will have a major impact on subtype status and tumor invasion in GBM. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and glioblastoma.