FMO5 and epilepsy: In keeping with our findings, an increase in NADPH oxidase activity has been linked to chemoconvulsive epilepsy models such as the pilocarpine and kainate model of epilepsy.20,44 Inhibition of NADPH oxidase was effective in reducing cell death in the in vivo pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy.9,45 However, our study shows for the first time that the protective effect of NADPH oxidase inhibition is independent of chemoconvulsants.