On the other hand, we also observed that HPV+ HNSCC cells exhibit lower activity of NF-κB/RELA, a pro-survival and –inflammatory transcription factor, which may explain the decreased activation of the innate immune system and increased sensitivity to pro-apoptotic radio- and chemotherapeutic agents in HPV+ tumors [63]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.