TGFB1 and neoplasm: These include a decreased host antiviral response through impairment of STAT1 function by E6 during the Interferon-α response [66], decreased TGF-β-dependent gene expression leading to an impairment of epithelial differentiation, and the regulation of miRNA138 and miRNA133B, which have been characterized for their tumor suppressive activity in HNSCC [67, 68], thus opening new avenues for future research in HPV-driven cancers.