The imbalance of the IL-2/IL-2 receptor system in advanced NSCLC, with the decline in IL-2 levels and the significantly high soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) concentrations, has been evidenced and suggested to represent a marker of disease with potential prognostic value [11]; on the other hand, the role of IL-2 activation in the restoration of the immunocompetence of lymphocytes against lung cancer has been demonstrated [12]. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and lung cancer.