After adjustment in a multivariate model, the significant factors identified were male sex [OR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.21–1.65]; illiteracy [OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21–1.79]; prior history of ART [OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.90]; WHO stage III or IV at baseline [OR 2.36, 95% CI: 1.90–2.94]; BMI<18.5 kg/m2 [OR 1.97, 95% CI: 1.71–2.26]; CD4 less than 100 cells/μl at baseline [OR 1.47, 95% CI: 1.29–1.69]; anaemia at baseline [OR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.36–2.05] and protease inhibitor based regimen [OR 4.35, 95% CI: 1.22–15.49]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and anemia.