BDNF and glioma: Studies using microRNA (miRNA) arrays and glioma tissues found that miR-27a was up-regulated in the glioma cell lines and patients samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and suggest that miR-27a may be implicated in the progression of glioma through the modulation of neurotrophin signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, the p53 signaling pathway, the apoptotic signaling pathway, as well as others [8].