ADCYAP1 and brain ischemia: Our group has been investigating a medical condition of the brain, namely brain ischemia also known as cerebral ischemia/ischemic stroke that is regarded as the third most common cause of death after heart attack and cancer [1], and the potential neuroprotective effect of pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) therein [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11].