The human CRC mucosa-associated E. coli strain 11G5 promoted intestinal neoplastic changes when introduced in Apcmin/+ mice, which carry a mutation in one allele of the tumor suppressor gene adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) and are genetically predisposed to developing intestinal tumors (Bonnet et al., 2014) (Table 1). Here, APC is linked to colorectal carcinoma.