CHIT1 and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4: Chitotriosidase expression and activity have been suggested as efficient markers of immune-mediated disorders as Gaucher's, Atherosclerosis or Alzheimer's (Malaguarnera et al., 2003, Grace et al., 2007), but the high prevalence of chitotriosidase deficiency in our South Amerindian sample precludes this diagnostic application in South American subjects with marked ethnic ancestry.