Furthermore, additional studies suggest that EGCG can also decrease the phosphorylated forms of ERK and mitogen-activated protein (MEK1) through its oxidative stress inhibition of the association between Raf-1 and MEK1/ERK kinase1, leading to suppression of proliferation of the HT29 human colon cancer cell line [62]. Here, MAP2K1 is linked to malignant colon neoplasm.