ITGA3 and cancer: ITGA3 also serves as a biomarker for various conditions, such as a biomarker for estimation of the risks of locoregional and hematogenous dissemination of oral squamous cell carcinoma, a marker for NMuMG cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and for cancer cells with aggressive phenotypes, and a diagnostic marker for the clinical outcome of tongue squamous cell carcinoma [52, 53].