VEGFA and endothelial dysfunction: Extra-renal side effects are mainly reported for complement-mediated TMA forms; interestingly, in patients treated with VEGF-blockers, one study documented a high number of localized renal TMA events with or without hematologic signs of HUS (106), but no patients with further extra-renal manifestations strengthen our hypothesis that severe extra-renal TMA on the basis of endothelial dysfunction is additionally dependent on a complement-regulatory defect.