VCAM1 and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: Interestingly, studies in paroxysmal–nocturnal–hemoglobinuria (PNH) and aHUS have shown that complement inhibition through eculizumab was able to significantly reduce markers of hemostatic activation (D-Dimer), endothelial activation [soluble vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (sVCAM-1)], and inflammation [soluble tumor-necrosis-factor 1 (sTNFR1)] (5).