IL18 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which has been linked with varying degrees of evidence to diseases as diverse as cardiovascular disease (Jefferis et al., 2011), asthma (Ma et al., 2012), inflammatory bowel disease (Siegmund, 2010; Matsunaga et al., 2011; Rivas et al., 2011), acute kidney injury (Ho, Fard & Maisel, 2010), and type 1 (Smyth et al., 2008) and type 2 diabetes (Thorand et al., 2005; Hivert et al., 2009), either through associations with IL-18 itself or with its receptor or binding protein.