In rats, blockade of TNF-α signaling by etanercept partially attenuates the hypertension associated with placental ischemia, and infusion of TNF-α to levels seen in rodents with placental ischemia leads to a hypertensive phenotype associated with increased vascular production of endothelin-1 (LaMarca et al., 2005, 2008). The gene discussed is EDN1; the disease is Hypertension.