In addition, AD patients show elevated serum levels of free copper (serum copper not bound to ceruloplasmin) (Squitti et al., 2004, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2011; Capo et al., 2008) while autopsy samples of hippocampus and amygdala from AD patients showed generally reduced copper contents (Deibel et al., 1996; Klevay, 2008). This evidence concerns the gene CP and Alzheimer disease.