INS and Hypoinsulinemia: Pyruvate conversion testing showed that GHR-KO females produced more glucose than their normal littermate controls (P = 0.0265, Fig.3F), consistent with hypoinsulinemia of GHR-KO mice, and that the RIP::IGF-1 transgene partially normalized this heightened gluconeogenic potential (when glucose production after 60 or 120 min is considered) (Fig.3F, with absolute blood glucose value-based plots in Fig. S14), consistent with the partial normalization of blood insulin content in GHR-KO;RIP::IGF-1 relative to GHR-KO mice (Fig.2A).