ASS1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Immunofluorescence analysis verified that ASS protein was located in the cytoplasm of BxPC-3 and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells, and similar to the qRT-PCR and western blotting results, PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells did not express substantial ASS protein in situ (Figure 1B).