TLR4 and neoplasm: In addition, it was previously shown in DC derived from healthy volunteers [27] as well as in macrophages [54] and in tumor cell lines [55], that HA-oligosaccharide but not HMW HA up-regulates the activity of these MMPs through TLR-4 activation and by promoting CD44-EGFR interaction enhancing Akt signaling and cell migration events [56].