TWIST1 and cancer: A growing number of studies have reported that TWIST1 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer [48], gastric cancer [49, 50], colorectal carcinoma [15, 51], hepatocellular carcinoma [52, 53], prostate cancer [54, 55], bladder cancer [56, 57], nasopharyngeal carcinoma [58], head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [59, 60], esophageal cancer [61], endometrial cancer [62], and ovarian cancer [35, 41, 63, 64].