TGFB1 and neoplasm: Consistent with these results, it has been reported that MMPs or cytokines, which are secreted by TGF-β-stimulated stromal cells, initiate GP130/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling in cancer cells at early time points of the metastatic process and this crosstalk allows a tumor promoting microenvironment surviving metastatic tumor cells [29].