Immunoblotting of cell lysates of the HCT116 high density tumor microenvironment co-cultures indicated that more TGF-β3 was expressed compared with HCT116 from tumor mono-cultures (Fig. 7A), as seen as broad bands with apparent molecular weights ranging over 25 kDa, which are characteristic of TGF-β3 polypeptide. Here, TGFB3 is linked to neoplasm.