ADCYAP1 and infection: Notably, ileal T. gondii DNA loads did not differ between the respective treatment groups at day 7 p.i. Whereas control mice suffered from acute pan-ileitis with necroses at day 7 p.i. and succumbed to infection, PACAP treated mice were protected from ileal immunopathology in a time-of-treatment dependent manner as indicated by better clinical conditions, macroscopic aspects and only minor small intestinal mucosal changes with preserved epithelial lining due to PACAP prophylaxis.