Evidence supporting the role of miRNAs in melanoma include: 1) disruptions of miRNA coding sequence (or binding site) via inherited variants or somatic mutations in the 3′ untranslated regions of KIT[6] and KRAS[7] oncogenes are strong genetic markers for melanoma risk; 2) deregulated expression of enzymes (e.g. Dicer) participating in canonical miRNA biogenesis pathway [8], globally altering the pool of mature miRNAs and 3) functional relevance of specific miRNAs deregulated in growth and invasion in cell models [9], [10], [11], [12] and in melanoma metastases [13]. This evidence concerns the gene DICER1 and melanoma.