In addition, we identified four CMAH upstream-localized diseases (neoplasm, malaria, Mdx dystrophy, and nematode infections), three small molecules (NaCl, NADH, and ferrosulfate), eight functional classes (serotonin receptor, ncRNA, DNA-directed RNA polymerase, nuclease, PKC, electron carrier, oncogene, and muscin), and one protein (CYB5A). Here, PRRT2 is linked to neoplasm.