MAPT and dementia: Another idea, based on the existence of dementia without senile plaques and dementia associated with parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17, or frontotemporal dementia, suggests that Tau hyperphosphorylation and the subsequent deposition of the protein is the main cause of neurodegeneration (Iqbal et al., 2005; Iqbal and Grundke-Iqbal, 2005).