The four most upregulated genes were pepsinogen C (PGC), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), aldoketo reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) and glypican 3 (GPC3), which showed greater than 30-fold higher expression in HCC tumors than adjacent non-tumor tissues. The gene discussed is GPC3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.