INS and Glucose intolerance: The previous PANKO model exhibited the following characteristics as compared with WT controls, (1) glucose intolerance during GTTs but not fasting conditions, (2) both impaired insulin secretion and clearance, (3) no differences in fasting glucagon, insulin or leptin, (4) similar peripheral insulin sensitivity, (5) enhanced hepatic insulin sensitivity, and (6) no differences in body weight (Robert-Cooperman et al., 2010).