Interestingly, a high prevalence of PFO is recorded in patients with CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy) [32], an inherited stroke syndrome due to mutations in NOTCH3. A case report of multiple family members with CADASIL revealed an 80% prevalence of PFO [33], suggesting a potential role of Notch3 in the closure of the FO. The gene discussed is NOTCH3; the disease is CADASIL.