With these factors in consideration, the following two trends were observed from the experiments: (1) patients who had an early-stage infection (patient 1) or cleared the virus (patients 2, 6, 7 and 9) had increasing or descending ACTN4 levels, respectively, and patients with no or low infections (patient 5) or continuous infections (patients 4 and 10) had stable low or high ACTN4 levels, respectively; and (2) for a persistent infection (patients 1, 4 and 10), the ACTN4 accumulated. The gene discussed is ACTN4; the disease is infection.