As followup to our study on presenile cases, we here asked (a) whether also elderly cohorts (>80 years) of AD or demented subjects exhibit increases in proliferation, (b) if astrocytes (GFAP+) or microglia (Iba1+) contribute to these proliferative changes, and (c) if proliferation is anatomically related to Aβ pathology or to clinical severity. The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.