Zhang et al. have also reported that the expression of C/EBP homology protein (CHOP), the prominent mediator of the ER stress-induced apoptosis, was markedly increased in the hippocampus of diabetic rats and have suggested that this CHOP- ER stress-mediated apoptosis may be involved in hyperglycemia-induced hippocampal synapses and neuronal impairment and promote the diabetic cognitive impairment [89]. The gene discussed is DDIT3; the disease is Hyperglycemia.