NLRP3 and Alzheimer disease: In recent years, some endogenous molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as extracellular glucose, uric acid, amyloid-β, and hyaluronan, have been demonstrated to activate NLRP3 inflammasome, playing important roles in the metabolic disorders and sterile inflammatory responses including type II diabetes, gout, Alzheimer's disease, and tissue injury after trauma [24–27].