In addition, a feature of both WS and ATR-SS is the presence of inflammatory conditions such as type II diabetes (Rauch 2011; Martin et al. 1999), which is in contrast to NBS where inflammatory conditions are not found (Hofer et al. 2005); activated p38 is strongly associated with inflammatory conditions (Kumar et al. 2003). The gene discussed is ATR; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.