Serum samples were collected in 19 of 26 children with coeliac disease after starting a gluten-free diet after 1·5 ± 0·36 years [median ± standard deviation (s.d.)] and analyses performed for cytokines IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-13 (Table 2). Here, IFNG is linked to celiac disease.