TNF and tuberculosis: In addition, as shown in Figures 1C and D, co-incidental filarial infection was associated with significantly lower frequencies of CFP-10 and ESAT-6 induced net frequencies of CD4+ T cells expressing IL-2 or IFN-γ or TNF-α alone or co-expressing TNF-α/IFN-γ or IL-2/IFN-γ or IL-2/TNF-α or IL-2/IFN-γ/TNF-α in comparison to individuals with active TB only.