We measured protein levels of IκB-β using Western blot analysis since it had been well demonstrated that activation of NF-κB correlates with rapid proteolytic degradation of IκB. As shown in Figure 4, IκB-β levels were decreased in rats after SI-OAI compared with C group and this effect was partially blocked by UTI (P < 0.05). Here, NFKB1 is linked to bacterial urinary tract infection.