The present study did not find women with PCOS to have higher afamin levels than controls, as reported by Köninger et al. The differing results might be partially explained by the lack of prevalence data on IR and metabolic syndrome for the control group in the Köninger study, which could greatly influence the results if the control group consisted of a population almost exclusively having normal insulin sensitivity. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.