To ascertain whether the positive effect of the rs2802292 G-allele on FoxO3A activity could counteract the detrimental effects of imbalanced AMPK/Akt signals on transformation and cancer progression in PJS and PHTS tissues, we typed this polymorphism in a group of unrelated patients previously characterized for LKB1 or PTEN mutations. The gene discussed is FOXO3; the disease is PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome.