Whatever the cause, increased HK2 binding to tumour cell mitochondria appears to play an important role in the resistance of tumour cells to apoptosis and displacing the bound HK2 can induce tumour cell death (Pastorino and Hoek, 2003; Chiara et al., 2008; Mathupala et al., 2009). This evidence concerns the gene HK2 and neoplasm.