TNF and myelodysplastic syndrome: The same authors investigated the association of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of TNF-α on the development of a transient hematotoxicity induced by benzene (benzene poisoning, BP), a persistent bone marrow dysplasia with unique dysplastic and inflammatory features developing in individuals previously exposed to benzene (BID) and de novo myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).