Meta-analysis results based on all the studies showed no significant association between the XRCC1 Arg194Trp gene polymorphism and the risk of HCC (Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Arg: OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.89–1.55; Trp/Trp vs. Arg/Trp: OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.59–1.51; dominant model: OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.63–1.49; recessive model: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.89–1.67). The gene discussed is XRCC1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.