In this respect, da Silva et al. have demonstrated that HLA-G was overexpressed in the majority of biopsies derived from patients with breast cancer, whereas HLA-E expression was detected at low level in a small number of biopsies, thus suggesting that, at least in this cohort of breast cancer patients, HLA-G and -E interaction does not likely take place (46). Here, HLA-G is linked to breast carcinoma.