Fox-P3 (Figure 2S-U)-expressing cells were found in the red pulp, PALS and in marginal zones.Compared to the spleens of the other two patients, the spleen of the patient with visceral leishmaniasis had increased numbers of: macrophages in the lymphoid follicles, CD4 T cells in the red pulp (Figure 1E compare with 1M and 1U), B cells in the follicles and in the marginal zones (Figure 1G and H, compare with 1O-P and 1W-X), and plasma cells in the red pulp and in the marginal zones (Figure 1I, compare with 1Q and 1Y). Here, CD4 is linked to visceral leishmaniasis.