MAL and Familial prostate cancer: Candidate genes GSTP1, APC, RARB, CCND2, SLIT2, SFN, SERPINB5, MAL, DPYS, TIG1, HIN1, PDLIM4 and HSPB1 were investigated because they were earlier reported to be associated with the diagnosis or prognosis of prostate cancer in addition to a variety of other cancers[18–23].