Novel HIV vmiR88 and vmiR99 are produced by HIV-infected human macrophage cell lines, human alveolar macrophages following in vitro HIV infection, and by alveolar macrophages from asymptomatic HIV-infected persons with advanced HIV infection (peripheral blood CD4+ T-lymphocyte count <200 cells/mm3), especially following PMA stimulation. Here, CD4 is linked to HIV infectious disease.