The senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are composed of self-polymerized amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, respectively, are the two major pathological hallmarks in AD brains (Zhao et al., 2009; Maeda et al., 2011). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.